篮球球迷的球队认同概念模型研究

摘要

Basketball fans play an significant role in the development of China basketball professional league,and its size and quantity show a gradual growth trend.Team identification as a key variable in interpreting fans'behavior plays an important role in understanding fans'motivation and violence behavior.We studied the team identification of basketball fans combining with qualitative methodology.The main material of study stemmed from team bars,and we extracted the dimension of team identification through open coding,axial coding and selective coding by MAXQDA.The results showed that team identification of basket?ball fans included self-consciousness,group consciousness,bias evaluation,self-qualification,empathy,intentional projection,experienced consumption and symbolic consumption.The dimension of team identification included perception of identity,positive distinctiveness,emotional involvement,behavioral in?volvement.From perception of identity to positive distinctiveness,basketball fans intensify and gradually optimize the group boundaries constructed with the team,achieving the recognition and acceptance from"I"to"We".Emotional involvement and behavior involvement highlights the identification in a highly ob?jectified way.The results can provide dimensions and indicators for the preparation of follow-up team identification scale.%篮球球迷对推动中国篮球职业联赛的发展功不可没,其规模和数量呈现出逐年递增态势.球队认同作为解释球迷行为的关键变量,对理解球迷观赛动机、暴力行为等具有重要作用.为探索本土篮球球迷的球队认同概念模型,采用扎根理论的方法,以球队贴吧中的文本为研究材料,使用MAXQDA软件对材料进行逐级编码和归纳.研究结果表明:(1)篮球球迷的球队认同结构包括自我意识、内外群意识、自我标榜、偏倚评价、移情、意向投射、体验性消费和象征性消费8个主范畴;(2)篮球球迷的球队认同概念模型包括身份认知、积极区分、情感投入和行为卷入4个维度.从身份认知到积极区分,篮球球迷强化和逐渐优化以球队为中心所构建的群体边界,实现了从"我"到"我们"的认知和接受,情感投入和行为卷入以高度对象化方式使认同凸显.研究结果可为后续球队认同量表的编制提供理论参考.