耐高温阻燃聚芳(噁)二唑纤维的结构及其性能

摘要

分析了国内外聚芳(噁)二唑(POD)纤维的研究进展,针对POD的特点,引入磷系和卤系第3单体进行共聚,明显改善POD纤维的阻燃性,极限氧指数(LOI)值可达30％以上；详细探讨了凝固浴条件对POD纤维聚集态结构、表面形貌和力学性能的影响,证明40％～50％的硫酸水溶液为最佳凝固浴用量；通过与其他耐高温纤维各种性能的对比发现,POD纤维耐高温性能优于PPS、Nomex和Tanlon,具有较好的力学性能,耐化学腐蚀性和染色性,应用前景广泛.%The research development in poly( phenylene-1,3,4-oxadiazole) (POD) fibers at home and abroad was discussed. The functional monomers containing phosphorus or halogen were copolymerized with POD for improving the crystalline grade and flammability of the POD fibers, whose LOI can be up to 30 or above. The influence of coagulation bath conditions on the aggregation state, morphology and mechanical properties of the POD fibers was investigated, and it was found that aqueous sulfuric acid solution 40% - 50% is the best dosage for the coagulation bath. Compared with other heat resistant fibers, POD fibers are superior to PPS, Nomex and Tanlon in high temperature resistance, and has better mechanical and dyeing properties, and better resistance to chemical corrosion, showing very good potential applications.