In order to study the influence mechanism of static charge generated by friction in the process on the filtration efficiency of polytetrafluoroethylene ( PTFE) fiber nonwoven materials, and prepare high filtration efficient low resistance nonwoven filter material, PTFE-fiber was selected as the raw material, and the puncture nonwoven fabric with different weights were prepared by staple combing and needling. The surface electrostatic potential and the filtration performance of the nonwovens were measured in the range from 0 to 40 d after tribo-charging, and the charge storage stability of needled nonwovens was analyzed. The results show that the PTFE-fiber nonwoven fabrics treated by carding and needle punching process have high filtration efficiency and low resistance. The higher the weight is, the higher the surface potential and the filtration efficiency of the nonwovens. PTFE-fiber filter material charged by taibo-electric with the weight of 220 g/m2 can capture more than 99% particles of 0. 26 μm, and the electrostatic decay cycle is longer. Water soaking has little linfluence on the static decay.%为研究聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)纤维在加工过程中的摩擦效应所产生的静电荷对非织造材料过滤效率的影响机制,制备高效低阻的非织造过滤材料.选取PTFE纤维为原料,经过短纤维梳理、针刺复合制备了不同面密度的PTFE纤维针刺非织造布,测试了摩擦驻极后0~40 d内非织造布的表面静电势以及过滤性能,并分析了针刺非织造布的电荷存储稳定性.结果表明:经过梳理、针刺加工的PTFE纤维非织造布具有很高的过滤效率和较低的过滤阻力;面密度越大,非织造布的表面电势越大,过滤效率越高,面密度为220 g/m2的PTFE纤维摩擦驻极过滤材料对0.26μm颗粒物的过滤效率可达99%以上,并且静电衰减周期较长;水浸泡对静电衰减的影响较小.
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