针对聚合物燃烧性能差的问题,以三(2-羟乙基)异氰尿酸酯和精对苯二甲酸为原料合成2种酯化程度不同的成炭剂三(2-羟乙基)异氰尿酸对苯二甲酸酯(T-ester43和T-ester45),将这2种成炭剂与聚磷酸铵复配后形成膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR43和IFR45),熔融共混添加在4种常见聚合物中.结果表明:经过部分酯化反应,成炭剂的分解温度提高至300℃以上,700℃的残炭量也由1%提高至10%左右;与各自的单独聚合物相比,加入质量分数为20%的IFR43后,聚酰胺6的残炭量增加了14.97%,聚酯的残炭量增加了9.69%,聚乳酸(PLA)的残炭量增加了11.59%,聚丙烯的残炭量增加了7.25%,4种阻燃共混物的极限氧指数均提高6%~7%,熔滴情况也得到改善;膨胀型阻燃剂对PLA的结晶具有明显的促进作用.%In view of the problem of low combustion performance of polymer, two charring agents tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate terephthalate ester ( T-ester43 and T-ester45 ) with different degrees of esterification were synthesized by using tris (2-hydrooxyethyl) isocyanurate ( THEIC ) and purified terephthalic acid ( PTA ) as raw materials. Two kinds of intumescent flame retardants ( IFR43 and IFR45 ) were prepared by combination of T-ester and ammonium polyphosphate ( APP ) . The preformed IFR were melt blended with four commercial thermoplastics to obtain flame retardant polymer blends. It is found that, after esterification, the decomposition temperature of charring agent increases up to 300 ℃and char residue at 700 ℃ increases up to 10% from 1%. With 20% mass loading of IFR43 into PA6 , PET, PLA, and PP, the char residue increases by 14. 97%, 9. 69%, 11. 59%, and 7. 25%, respectively. Correspondingly, the limiting oxygen index ( LOI) value of polymers enhance by 6% -7%. The melt drops during LOI test decreases. In addition, crystallization acceleration effect is found in the sample of PLA after addition of IFR.
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