隐喻语言理解的语用和心理语言学阐释

摘要

There are different interpretations on metaphorical language comprehension in literature. Pragmatic view suggests that metaphorical language comes as violations of conversational maxims and additional inferences must be made to derive metaphorical meanings that are contextually appropriate. Psycholinguists hold that metaphor is a means of conceptualizing people's world knowledge and experience, reflecting a common mode of thought and cognition, and it does not need additional cognitive process to understand metaphorical language. Anyway, the multi－disciplinary research on metaphorical language will certainly offer us a better knowledge of how metaphorical language is comprehended.%语言学家对隐喻语言的理解有不同的解释。语用学家认为，隐喻语言违反了话语交际准则，对隐喻语言的理解包含对语用含意的一系列推导，其理解是间接的。心理语言学家认为，隐喻是人们对日常知识和经验概念化的一种手段，反映了人们较为普遍的思维和认知方式，对隐喻语言理解并不需要特殊的认知过程。从多学科、多角度对隐喻语言进行研究讨论，将使我们对隐喻语言理解获得更深更全面的认识。