英汉词汇的形态理据性对比

摘要

The view that language is arbitrary has been deeply rooted in the linguistics field since the 20th century. However, language is not absolutely arbitrary especially in the aspect of lexicon. Instead, there is a lot of motivation which refers to the internal connection between the forms and meanings of words. Motivation can be divided into phonetic motivation, morphological motivation, semantic motivation and graphic motivation. Morphological motivation is the kind of motivation by which we can get the meaning of a word through the analysis of its morphological components. Through the eontrastive study of morphological motivation between English and Chinese lexicon, we can find out the similarities and differences between them, which are very helpful to lexicon teaching and translation research.%二十世纪以来，语言任意论在语言学界始终占据着不可动摇的主导地位。然而，语言在词汇层面并非是绝对任意的，而是存在着明显的理据性。词的表达形式与词义之间有时具有某种内在的联系，这就是词的理据性。词的理据性可分为语音理据、形态理据、语义理据、文字理据。词的形态理据则是指可以通过对一个词的形态构成进行分析而获得词义。通过对英汉词汇形态理据性的对比研究，能够找出英汉词汇形态理据性的异同，将有助于词汇教学和翻译研究。