高速道岔转换锁闭结构力学特性

摘要

In order to optimize the design of high-speed switching and locking device,a lateral force calculation model for switching and locking device was established according to the wheel-rail system coupled dynamics using the finite element method.Taking the external locking device of 60 kg/m rail No.18 turnout in passenger dedicated line as an example,the influences of some main factors,including the speed through turnout,scant displacement of switch rail,and the gap between point switch and block,on the mechanical properties of switching and locking device were analyzed.The computational results show that the speed through turnout has significant effect on the mechanical properties of locking hook; when the speed through the turnout was 250 km/h,the lateral force and displacement was at maximum; a certain scant displacement of switch rail is favorable for the force of locking hook; as the gap between point switch and jacking block increases,the force of locking hook increases almost linearly,and the gap should be avoided to the greatest extent during the operation of turnout.%为指导高速道岔转换锁闭结构的优化设计,根据道岔区轮轨系统耦合动力学理论和有限元方法,建立了转换锁闭结构动态受力计算模型；以60 kg/m钢轨客运专线18号单开道岔转辙器外锁闭装置为例,研究了列车过岔速度、尖轨不足位移和顶铁离缝等对转换锁闭结构力学特性的影响.研究结果表明:列车过岔速度对转换锁闭结构力学特性有显著影响,当过岔速度为250 km/h时,其受力及变形到达最大；存在一定的尖轨转换不足位移,有利于改善转换锁闭结构的受力状态；顶铁离缝的增加使转换锁闭结构的受力几乎呈线性增加,在道岔运营过程中应尽量避免顶铁离缝出现.