目的 比较分析广州农村人口基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)基因型分布特点,并探讨其与血压的关系.方法 选取广州番禺大石镇三个村40～70岁农村人口作为研究对象,总共680人,其中男314人,女366人.受试者进行相关的问卷调查和血压测量,并空腹抽血,PCR扩增和测序,检测受试者MMP-35A/6A基因型.结果 本研究人群基因型分布6A/6A、5A/5A、5A/6A分别为82.6％、1.8％和15.6％,不同性别之间基因型频率和等位基因频率无差异.各基因型频率分布无年龄差异，男性不同基因型频率(6A/6Av 5A/6A+5A/5A)之间血压水平无差异,女性5A/6A+5A/5A基因型的收缩压和舒张压水平均高于6A/6A基因型.高血压组与正常血压组比较5A等位基因频率更高.结论 广州农村人群MMP-3基因型以6A纯合子为主,5A纯合子比例明显低于西方人,5A等位基因与高血压发病有关,尤其在女性,5A等位基因影响收缩压和舒张压水平.%Objective To analyze the distribution of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) genotype and its association with the blood pressure profiles in Guangzhou rural population. Methods This study was conducted among 680 rural residents aged 40-70 years (including 314 men and 366 women) from 3 villages in an rural area of Guangzhou. The blood pressures of the subjects were measured and blood samples were collected for genotype analysis using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing of the MMP-3 gene promoter region to detect the 5 adenines (5A)/6 adenines (6A) polymorphisms. Results The frequencies of MMP-3 genotypes 6A/6A, 5A/5A, and 5A/6A were 82.6%, 1.8% and 15.6% among these residents, respectively. The distribution of MMP-3 genotypes and allele frequencies showed no significant gender- or age-related variations. The men with different genotypes (6A/6A vs 5A/6A+5A/5A) did not show significant differences in blood pressure levels, whereas the women with 5A/6A+5A/5A genotypes had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures than those with a 6A/6A genotype. The allele 5A was highly frequent in the hypertensive residents as compared with the normotensive residents. Conclusion The 6A homozygote is the predominant genotype of MMP-3 in Guangzhou rural population, which has a significantly lower proportion of 5A homozygote than the Western populations. The 5A allele is associated with a high risk of hypertension especially in women and may affect both systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
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