蓝莓组培苗移栽存活对比试验

摘要

[Objective]The factors affecting acclimatization of tissue cultured blueberry plantlets in greenhouse were studied in the present experiment in order to improve the production efficiency of tissue cultured blueberry plantlets. [Method]The tissue cultured Vaccinium ashei plantlets were used to study the effects of different IBA concentrations, seasons, weather conditions, transplanting time and air humidity on the transplanting survival rate of tissue cultured blueberry plantlets. [Result ]The highest survival rate was obtained without using any IBA. The survival rate of tissue cultured blueberry plantlets was more than 80% when transplanted in autumn and winter, while it was 70% in spring transplantation. The plantlets were not suitable for transplanting in summer. Transplanting tissue cultured blueberry plantlets in the evening resulted in highest survival rate(83%, cloudy), followed by the morning, while transplanting in midday obtained the lowest survival rate (71%, sunshine). The survival rate increased with increasing air humidity up to certain range. When a low tunnel was built above seedbed and the seedbed was covered with transparent film, the survival rate of tissue cultured blueberry plantlets reached 93%. [Conclusion]The transplanting efficiency of tissue cultured blueberry plantlets is better without using any root stimulants. The season has significant impact on the transplanting survival rate of tissue cultured blueberry plantlets. The tissue cultured blueberry plantlets should be transplanted in spring and winter. The weather conditions influences upon the survival rate, but the impact is not significant. The air humidity has a significant influence on the transplanting survival rate. The survival rate improves significantly after building a low tunnel above seedbed and covering the seedbed with transparent film.%[目的]研究影响蓝莓组培苗大棚炼苗的各种因子,以提高蓝莓组培苗的生产效率.[方法]以兔眼蓝莓为试材,分别进行不同浓度IBA溶液蘸根、季节、气候条件、时间段及空气湿度对组培苗移栽存活影响的对比试验.[结果]蓝莓组培苗以移栽时不使用任何生根剂处理的存活率最高；蓝莓组培苗在秋冬季出瓶移栽效果最好,存活率在80％以上,春季次之,存活率在70％以上,夏季不适合蓝莓组培苗出瓶移栽；不同时间段移栽组培苗存活率高低次序为:傍晚＞早上＞中午,晴天中午移栽存活率最低,仅为71％,阴天傍晚最高,达83％；在一定湿度范围内,空气湿度越高,组培苗的存活率越高,其中以在苗床上方搭建小拱棚并覆盖一层透明薄膜处理空气湿度最高,移栽组培苗存活率达93％.[结论]蓝莓组培苗移栽时无需使用IBA等生根剂处理即可获得理想的效果；季节对蓝莓组培苗移栽存活有影响,春季和秋冬季适合蓝每组培苗出瓶移栽；移栽当天的气候条件对组培苗出瓶移栽有影响,但不显著；空气湿度对蓝莓组培苗移栽存活有显著影响,在苗床上方搭建小拱棚并覆盖一层透明薄膜可明显提高存活率.