‘白毫早'茶园中蝽类害虫与天敌蜘蛛的关系

摘要

[Objective]To clarify the relationships of Stephanitis chinensis and Lygus lucorum with natural enemies in 'Baihaozao' tea garden.[Method]The population numbers of pests and natural enemies were investigated.The numerical,temporal and spatial relationships of natural enemies with S.chinensis and L.lucorum were studied using grey relational analysis and niche analysis.[Result]The major natural enemies of pests in 'Baihaozao' tea garden included Tetragnatha squamata,Tetragnatha maxillosa,Theridion octomaculatum,Clubiona japonicola,Neoscona theisi,Misumenops tricuspidatus,Erigonidium graminicolum and Oxyopes sertatus.The top four enemies showing close relationships with S.chinensis were C.japonicola,O.sertatus,T.maxillosa and N.theisi in 2015,while C.japonicola,O.sertatus,E.graminicolum and N.theisi in 2016.The natural enemies ranking the first,second and fourth were the same in two years.The differential degree between the ranks of natural enemies in two years was 62.5％.The top four enemies showing close relationships with L.lucorum were T.maxillosa,M.tricuspidatus,T.squamata and T.octomaculatum in 2015,while M.tricuspidatus,N.theisi,T.maxillosa and E.graminicolum in 2016.Two of the four major enemies were the same in two years,but the order was different.The differential degree between the ranks of natural enemies in two years was 87.5％.[Conclusion]The changes in ranks of natural enemies possibly depend on the ratio of the number of pests to their natural enemies.%[目的]明确‘白毫早’茶园中茶网蝽Stephanitis chinensis和茶盲蝽Lygus lucorum 等蝽类害虫与主要天敌的关系.[方法]在调查茶园蝽类害虫与主要天敌种群数量的基础上,进一步用灰色关联度法、生态位分析法等数学统计方法分析天敌与茶网蝽和茶盲蝽在数量、时间、空间上的跟随关系.[结果]‘白毫早’茶园中蝽类害虫的天敌主要有鳞纹肖蛸Tetragnatha squamata、锥腹肖蛸Tetragnatha maxillosa、八斑球腹蛛Theridion octomaculatum、粽管巢蛛Clubiona japonicola、茶色新圆蛛Neoscona theisi、三突花蟹蛛Misumenops tricuspidatus、草间小黑蛛Erigonidium graminicolum和斜纹猫蛛Oxyopes sertatus等.2015年与茶网蝽关系密切的前4位天敌是粽管巢蛛、斜纹猫蛛、锥腹肖蛸和茶色新圆蛛;2016年与茶网蝽关系密切的前4位天敌是粽管巢蛛、斜纹猫蛛、草间小黑蛛和茶色新圆蛛;第1、2、4位天敌相同,两年间天敌位次相异率为62.5％.2015年与茶盲蝽关系密切的前4位天敌是锥腹肖蛸、三突花蟹蛛、鳞纹肖蛸和八斑球腹蛛;2016年与茶盲椿关系密切的前4位天敌是三突花蟹蛛、茶色新圆蛛、锥腹肖蛸和草间小黑蛛;前4位天敌中有2种天敌相同,但位次不同,两年间天敌位次相异率为87.5％.[结论]天敌位次变化可能取决于害虫与天敌数量比的变化.