阶层重塑：土地流转对社会阶层的影响

摘要

经验调查呈现出：土地流转与农村社会阶层的关联问题。研究发现：地权变革是农村各阶层利益的再分配与重组过程。已经严重分化的农民及其对土地不同程度的依赖和流转意愿是土地流转在农村实践的社会基础。自发流转塑造出中间阶级，是农村社会的中坚力量，其发挥着“中间价值”的功能，这种流转模式基于自愿并使流转双方互利共赢，当前地权变革理应给予足够的重视。而土地大规模流转则消解中间阶层，从而引发村治困境及农村社会动荡等系列问题，对这种流转模式，在“过密型”农业仍将继续存在的前提下，必须谨慎对待。%The empirical investigation focuses on the relationship between the land transfer and social class.Study discovers that in a certain sense land reform is a redistribution and re-composition process of rural sectors.Differential farmers and their varying degrees of dependence and willingness about land transfer are the social foundation of land transfer practice.Spontaneous transfer creates a middle class, which functions a “middle value”and is the backbone of the rural community.This spontaneous transfer model is based on a voluntary and mutually beneficial transfer,which should be paid adequate attention. However,large-scale transfer clears up the middle class,which may cause problems such as social unrest and governance dilemma.We should be cautious of this transfer model in the “Agriculture Involution”.