社会工作增能视角下失独家庭的分析

摘要

Empowerment Theory is the most important profes-sional theme of social work. As the same time, it is a new angle to help the vulnerable group. "One-child Died Family", as a special vulnerable group, lacks personal resources and social resources mak-ing them low self-efficacy and powerless. Social work could use mi-cro and macro working method to promote the empowerment of"One-child Died Family". In the microscopic, apply Case work, Group work and Community work to the solution of helping them get out of dilemma, recovering their own potential. In the macroscopic, we could promote social welfare and increase social administrative enforcement to increase their social security benefits by virtue of for-eign experience. Using Empowerment Theory to intervene in"One-child Died Family" could help their recover power, enhance their live quality and spend their remaining years in comfort.%　　增能理论是社会工作研究中一个重要的领域，同时也是服务于弱势群体的一个新视角。失独家庭作为特殊的弱势群体，个人资源与社会资源的缺失致使他们的自我效能感极低，处于一种消权状态。社会工作可以从微观与宏观层面对失独家庭进行增能介入。在微观上，运用个案、小组、社区的工作方法帮助失独家庭摆脱精神困境，增强他们的自我效能感；在宏观上，借鉴国外经验，通过完善社会福利政策、加大社会行政力度提升失独家庭的社会保障水平。利用增能理论介入失独家庭，可以帮助失独家庭恢复基本权能，提高其生存质量，保证其安度晚年。