应用诱骗态的光子轨道角动量测量设备无关量子密钥分发协议的研究

摘要

Orbital angular momentum (OAM)as a carrier of quantum information,can be applied to the measurement device-independent quantum key distribution protocols (MDI-QKD),to eliminate the basis-dependent flaw.Decoy state used in quan-tum key distribution can eliminate photon splitting attack when the protocol uses weak coherent source.In this paper,an OAM-MDI-QKD protocol was proposed,which could avoid the basis-dependent flaw,and increased the key generation rate.The key generation of the decoy-state OAM-MDI-QKD scheme using infinite decoy state and two decoy state was deduced.The results show that the key rate of the proposed OAM-MDI-QKD protocol is higher than that using polarized state.%轨道角动量作为量子信息的一种载体，可应用于测量设备无关量子密钥分发协议中，来消除发送端和接收端间的基校准。诱骗态技术可以消除量子密钥分发协议采用弱相干光源时易被分裂攻击的缺陷。本文将轨道角动量态、测量设备无关方案和诱骗态方案相结合，设计一种基于高效轨道角动量分离方法的诱骗态光子轨道角动量测量设备无关量子密钥分发协议方案，避免了极化方案中对极化基的依赖性缺陷，提高了密钥速率，本文给出了该方案密钥速率的理论推导，并分别对采用无限个诱骗态和两个诱骗态时该方案密钥速率进行了仿真。研究结果表明，在相同条件下，基于轨道角动量的MDI-QKD协议方案比极化方案密钥速率更高。