察隅县本堆村藏民生计方式变迁调查

摘要

Bendui Village of Chayu County in Nyingchi Prefecture, Tibetan Region is a small Tibetan village formed in the 1920s. Traditionally, most of the villagers made a living by means of primitive hun-ting in forests, but since the China's reform and opening, because of national preferential policy, modern beneficial market, and ameliorated transportation facility, the villagers' living modes have shifted from the dominant hunting and carrying goods by horses to the dominant modern business and transportation trade. The change of villagers' living modes witnesses how Bendui Village as a small region integrates into a vast economic environment so as to develop itself effectively.%西藏林芝市察隅县上察隅镇本堆村是上世纪二十年代以来新近形成的以藏族为主体的小村落。起初，该村的生计方式主要体现为传统的农业生产甚至是原始的入山狩猎，但自改革开放之后，因受益于国家政策的扶持、现代市场的引导以及道路设施的完善等外部条件的改变，再附加本堆村藏族自身优势的充分发挥，本堆村藏族生计方式已由传统的农业生产、狩猎为主，马帮、氆氇制作为辅的模式向现代以商业经营、运输为主、传统升级版的生计方式为辅的方向发生转变。究其生计方式发生变化的实质则是本堆村区域小环境为融入外部经济大环境所作出的生产方式的自我调整。