几种鉴定小麦背景中1BL/1RS易位染色体的分子标记方法比较研究

摘要

Four molecular methods (i.e. FISH, RFLP, RAPD and special PCR markers) and one biochemical marker (APAGE) for detecting 1BL/1RS translocation chromosomes in wheat have been compared. The results indicate that it is difficult to identify the 1BL/1RS translocation chromosomes by RAPD marker, while the other methods could be used to detect the 1BL/1RS translocation chromosomes. FISH and RFLP are the most labour intensive, time consuming and more expensive methods. The special PCR markers, in some degree, are effected by the content of template DNA. These results suggest that APAGE is the most easy handling, economic and time-saving technique, and faster for screening purpose in wheat breeding.%对5种鉴定小麦背景中1BL/1RS易位染色体的生化和分子标记方法，包括酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(APAGE)、荧光原位杂交(FISH)、RFLP、RAPD和特异性PCR标记，进行比较研究。结果表明，RAPD标记难以鉴定1BL/1RS易位染色体，其余均能对1BL/1RS易位染色体进行有效鉴定。FISH和RFLP方法比较费时费力且花费昂贵，而特异性PCR标记又在一定程度上受模板DNA浓度的影响。据此认为，APAGE方法是一种简单、快速、经济有效的方法，最易于在小麦育种选择中应用。