不同施肥方式对毛竹林碳储量及土壤理化性质的影响

摘要

[Objective]The objective of the study was to explore the effects of different fertilizer treat-ment on carbon reserves and soil physic-chemical properties in a Phyllostachys edulis forest and to im-prove production and carbon storage in bamboo farming.[Method]The specialized fertilizer in the way of soil hole was used in this study.There were three treatments,including fertilizer in bamboo cavity two treatments and control without any fertilizer.[Results]The biomass of bamboo was increased by fertiliz-ing.Especially,fertilizing in soil hole increased biomass by 55.12％(16.97 t/hm2).Compared with control plot,the carbon storage of soil and bamboo ecosystem were increased notably by fertilizing in bamboo cavity,while no any significant difference by fertilizing in soil hole.In the terms of soil physic-chemical properties,the phosphorus had a fewer loss in the bamboo cavity fertilizing plot than in the soil hole fertilizing plot.The soil organic matter and soil organic carbon was significantly higher in the plot with fertilizing in bamboo cavity relative to the control plot.Fertilizing in bamboo cavity increased soil capi-llary porosity but decrease non-capillary porosity.Conversely,fertilizing in soil hole declined and cap-illary porosity but enhanced non-capillary porosity.Furthermore,fertilizing in bamboo cavity did not affect soil bulk density but fertilizing in soil hole lowered soil bulk density.[Conclusion]Fertilization in bamboo cavity is an more effective measure to increase the carbon storage of bamboo ecosystem as compared to fertilization in soil hole.In addition,it may reduce the loss of soil nutrients and promote the soil physical properties by fertilizing in bamboo cavity.However,fertilizing in soil hole could cause soil degradation.Based on these,fertilization of bamboo cavity is beneficial to increase of carbon storage and to promote the carbon sequestration of bamboo forest ecosystem.%[目的]提高集约经营毛竹林生产效益和毛竹林生态系统的碳汇能力;[方法]选择穴施毛竹专用肥(Ⅰ)和毛竹竹腔施肥(Ⅱ)两种施肥方式,以不施肥(Ⅲ)为对照,研究不同施肥方式对毛竹林生态系统碳储量、竹林土壤理化性质的影响.[结果]施肥能提高毛竹林分生物量,穴施毛竹专用肥最为明显,较对照增加55.12％高达16.97 t/hm2;竹腔施肥使土壤碳储量和竹林生态系统碳储量显著提升,而穴施专用肥与对照样地间无显著差异.竹腔施肥对土壤磷素的消耗较穴施专用肥少,且能够提高土壤有机质和土壤有机碳含量.竹腔施肥增加土壤毛管孔隙度、降低非毛管孔隙度,而穴施措施则降低了毛管孔隙度、增加了非毛管孔隙度;此外,竹腔施肥对土壤容重影响较小,穴施专用肥降低了土壤容重.[结论]穴施专用肥显著提高毛竹植被碳储量而并未提升竹林生态系统的碳储量;竹腔施肥显著提高土壤层碳储量进而显著提高竹林生态系统的碳储量.此外,毛竹林竹腔施肥对土壤营养元素的消耗较穴施专用肥小,且在一定程度上能改善土壤物理性质.竹腔施肥有利于毛竹林系统碳储量的增加,是一种能够促进竹林固碳的经营方式.