浅水中会遇船舶水动力相互作用数值研究

摘要

浅水中邻近两船作相对运动产生的非定常水动力相互作用对于船舶的操纵性有重要影响.文章采用动网格技术,通过求解非定常RANS方程,选取RNG k-ε湍流模型,对两船在浅水中会遇的三维非定常粘性流场进行了数值模拟,计算了其水动力相互作用；通过将计算结果与试验数据进行对比,验证了文中方法的有效性.在此基础上,分析了船舶在整个会遇过程中的受力特性,指出了会遇过程中船舶容易失控和发生碰撞的阶段,并通过分别对不同的船间横向间距、水深、船速和船长情况下的船-船水动力相互作用进行计算和结果分析,得出了以上四种因素对船间水动力相互作用的影响规律.%Unsteady hydrodynamic interaction due to adjacent ships moving relatively in shallow water has a significant influence on ship maneuverability. By using the dynamic mesh technique and solving the un steady RANS equation in conjunction with a RNG k -e turbulence model,numerical simulation of the three-dimensional unsteady viscous flow around two ships meeting in shallow water is conducted, and the hydrodynamic interaction is calculated.The proposed method is verified by comparing the numerical results with experimental data.Then by analyzing the characteristics of the hydrodynamic interaction during the meeting process, the phase during which the ship may become uncontrollable and the collision may occur is indicated. Finally, by analyzing the numerical results obtained at different lateral distance, water depth, ship speed and ship length, the influences of these four factors on the hydrodynamic interaction are illustrated.