一株石油烃降解菌D2-1解烃性能研究

摘要

从山东东营受原油污染土壤中筛选得到一组高效石油烃降解菌群,对降解率较高的菌株D2-1进行烃降解性能评价.通过生理生化鉴定及16S rDNA基因序列分析,D2-1被确定为寡养食单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas sp.).优化实验确定了菌株D2-1降解原油的最佳条件为:底物质量浓度为2 g/L,pH值为8.0,温度为25℃,NaCl质量浓度为30 g/L.在最佳降解条件下,该菌原油去除率超过50％.由微生物降解前后烃组分的气相色谱分析可知,菌株D2-1对原油中的C9～C38都能进行有效降解,正构烷烃的去除率最高.菌株D2-1对原油的降解符合一级反应动力学过程.%A group of petroleum-degrading bacteria were isolated from oil-polluted area in Dongying Port in China. One strain, D2-1, with the highest crude oil removal rate was adopted in this study. The strain was identified as Stenotrophomonas sp. D2-1 based on morphological, biochemical and phylogenetic analyses. Optimum environmental conditions that were suitable for crude oil degradation were determined to include a pH of 8. 0, a temperature of 25 ℃ , and a NaCl solution with a concentration of 30 g/L. Under the optimum conditions, the oil degradation rate was over 50%. Results of GC-FID analysis show that strain D2-1 can degrade normal alkanes from C9 to C38obviously. It also indicates that strain D2-1 has some potential in the bioremediation process in the field. The exploration of the hydrocarbon degradation shows that the degradation of strain D2-1 is in line with the first order reaction kinetics.