楔横轧非对称轴类件不平衡轴向力理论分析

摘要

楔横轧非对称轴类件存在轴向力不平衡问题,导致轧件轴向窜动、切台等成形缺陷,为此,将螺旋面的轴向投影归为2种情形,确定不同情形下的边界条件,精确求解接触面在3个坐标方向上的投影面积,并考虑模具与轧件已轧轴段间轴向摩擦力的影响,推导出轴向力公式.利用该公式选择非对称轧制时的工艺参数,通过DEFORM-3D有限元软件建立模具分割的有限元模型,测得台阶两侧不平衡轴向力,发现作用于台阶两侧的轴向力基本趋于相等,表明该公式可以用来计算轧制非对称轴类件的工艺参数.%The nonequilibrium axial force in the cross wedge rolled asymmetric shaft will result in such forming defects as axial movement and cutting-step.Therefore,the axial projection of helicoid was divided into two cases,and the boundary conditions for different cases were determined.In addition,the projection areas of contact surface in three coordinate directions were accurately solved,and then the formula of axial force was derived with considering the effect of axial friction force between the die and rolled shaft-segment.The proposed formula was used to select the technological parameters for asymmetric rolling.The finite element（FE） model for die segmentation was established with DEFORM-3D FE software,and the nonequilibrium axial force acted on both sides of step were measured.It is found that the axial force acted on both sides of step basically tends to be equal.It indicates that the proposed formula can be used to calculate the technological parameters for rolling the asymmetric shafts.