针对合金在冶炼生产过程中会出现较为严重的热裂缺陷问题,按照钒和稀土的三种不同添加方案对合金性能进行研究,进而选出最优方案改善合金性能.运用多项式拟合法分别求得产品的抗拉强度、伸长率和热裂倾向值与三种不同添加方案的近似函数关系,并建立了非线性规划优化模型.结果表明,当钒和稀土的质量分数分别为0.01%和0.14%时,合金整体性能较好.当采用主成分分析法(PCA)对三种方案进行评价时,所获得评价值矩阵的最大评价值为1.6641,表明单独添加微量钒为最优添加方案.%In order to solve the serious thermal cracking problem in the smelting production process of alloy,the alloy performance was studied according to three different addition schemes of vanadium and rare earth, and then the optimal scheme was selected to improve the alloy performance. The polynomial fitting method was applied to obtain the approximate functional relationship between three different addition modes and such three indexes as the ultimate tensile strength, elongation and hot cracking tendency value of products. In addition,a nonlinear programming optimization model was established. The results show that when the mass fraction of vanadium and rare earth is 0.01% and 0.14% respectively, the alloy has the better overall performance. When the principal component analysis (PCA) method is applied to evaluate three addition schemes, the maximum evaluation value of obtained evaluation value matrix is 1.664 1, which shows the alone addition of trace vanadium to be the optimal adding scheme.
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