一座女人的“纪念碑”--阿赫玛托娃《安魂曲》与俄罗斯古典“纪念碑”诗歌传统

摘要

Abstarct:The monument poetry has a long history, a nd it presents not only thematic meaning, but also a kind of independent genre, which has unique poetic characteristics.Through the artistic creation of Lomonosov, Jerchavin and Pushkin, Russian poems have formed an tradition of the monument poetry, on the basis of which, the twentieth-century poets continue to develop and sublimate.In the poem of Requiem, unlike the classical Russian monument poetry, Akhmatova gives the monument a unique connotation from female point of view.With a serene and powerful pen, the poet erects a mother’s monument and a national monument, and shows the unique female discourse.%“纪念碑”诗歌源远流长，它不仅具有主题的意义，而且是一种独立的文学体裁，具有独特的诗学特征。历经罗蒙诺索夫、杰尔查文、普希金三位大师的艺术加工，俄罗斯形成了“纪念碑”的诗歌传统，滋养了20世纪的众多诗人继续发掘升华。在《安魂曲》一诗中，有别于俄罗斯古典“纪念碑”诗歌，阿赫玛托娃以其女性的视角，赋予“纪念碑”独特的内涵，以沉着有力的笔端树立了一座“母亲的纪念碑”、“民族的纪念碑”，彰显了独特的女性话语。