浅析晚清山西民教争端的起因和处理--以迎神赛会引起的民教冲突为中心

摘要

With the pace of the invasion of western powers,Christianity has been widely spread in China since the late Qing dynasty.As a kind of alien culture,Christianity and traditional Chinese culture frictioned inceasingly in the collision with each other, as a result of which,the collision between religion and Chinese people was one of important performance.In Shanxi,an inland province, the collision was abnormally fierce and characteristical, which was based on the unique local traditional social environment. The collision there was often caused by a traditional parade, where people raised the statue of god. Collision caused by the parade,in my opinion,is due to the violations and coflicts between the non-religious civilians and the officials in the aspects of cultural custom,economic interests, social organization and management.However,the official judgment,which was decided under the pressure of the central and foreign powers to avoid disaster,was usually on the side of the religious people.%晚清以来，伴随着西方列强入侵的步伐，基督教也在中国广泛传播起来。西方异质文化基督教在与传统中国文化和社会的碰撞中摩擦不断，民教冲突是其中一个重要表现。内陆省份山西基于其特有的传统地方社会环境，民教冲突异常激烈并且特点显著，由迎神赛会所引起的民教争端频繁发生。围绕迎神赛会产生的众多激烈的民教冲突，归根到底是由于非信教平民乃至官绅阶层与教民在文化习俗、经济利益、地方社会组织管理等各方面权益的相侵和冲突。官府对民教争讼的判决结果通常利于教民，这是处于中央和外国势力压力下的官员妥协自保的结果。