蔬菜重要害虫烟粉虱的绿色防控技术初探

摘要

To develop green prevention and control technology of vegetable whitefly,the main host plants of whitefly Bemisia tabaci,tomato and cabbage,were chosen to extract the essential oil and using the celery as the control plant according to the selectivity differences of whiteflies on different host plants.The major component of the essential oil were analyzed by GC method and the attraction action of the components were determined by Y-tube olfactometer and greenhouse experiment.The result showed that three kinds of selected plant essential oil were extracted by steam distillation method.The attraction action of cabbage essential oil was cleared by Y-tube olfactometer,whereas the celery volatile oil had repellent effect on whiteflies significantly.MS results showed that E-2-hexenal was the main volatile component of cabbage essential oil,which belonged to the green odor material of the host plant.The further experiment by Y-tube olfacometer and greenhouse all verified the attracting effect of E-2-hexenal to the whiteflies.This research proved that E-2-hexenal,the important attraction chemicals,might play a role on the green prevention and controlling of vegetable whiteflies.%为了开发出蔬菜烟粉虱绿色安全的防控技术,利用烟粉虱对不同寄主植物选择性的差异,选择烟粉虱的主要寄主植物番茄和甘蓝,并以芹菜作为对照植物,提取各植物精油,采用气质联用仪分析各精油中的主要成分,并进一步明确其对烟粉虱成虫的引诱作用.结果表明,采用水蒸汽蒸馏法得到了3种供试植物精油;利用Y型嗅觉仪,明确了甘蓝精油对烟粉虱具有明显引诱作用,而芹菜挥发性精油则对烟粉虱成虫具有明显驱避作用.通过气质联用法明确了对烟粉虱具有明显引诱作用的甘蓝精油中主要成分为绿叶气味物质反-2-己烯醛,测定发现,其对烟粉虱具有明显的引诱作用,并进行了温室试验进一步验证其诱杀效果.