五台山风景区植被覆盖度近25a来的时空变化分析

摘要

Wutai Mountain Nature Reserve is one of the grassland nature reserves established earlier in China.The natural resources in the area are rich and have important ecological and scientific research value.Multi-temporal vegetation status is of great significance for the study of the dynamic changes of vegetation in Wutai Mountain.This paper takes the mountain area of Wutai Mountain and its mountain area as the research object.The vegetation coverage of six TM images from 1990 to 2015 was estimated by using normalized vegetation index,and the change of the estimated results was detected.The spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation coverage in the study area during the past 25 years were analyzed.The results showed that the average vegetation coverage in the study area had decreased by about 21％ since 1990.The change rate of vegetation coverage was about 15.3％.The result of field investigation shows that artificial activities such as mining,tourism development and road construction are the important reasons for the destruction of vegetation in the core area of Wutai Mountain.%五台山自然保护区是我国较早建立的草地型自然保护区之一,区域内自然资源丰富,有重要的生态和科研价值.利用遥感手段可以快速获取大范围、多时相的植被状况,对于研究五台山植被的动态变化有重要的意义.以五台山5座台峰及其山体延伸范围内的山区为研究对象,运用归一化植被指数估算了1990-2015年间6期TM影像的植被覆盖度,并对估算结果进行变化检测,分析研究区在这25 a中植被覆盖度的时空变化特征.结果表明,1990年以来研究区内的平均植被覆盖度降低约21％,植被覆盖度变化率约15.3％.结合实地调查发现,矿山开采、旅游开发和道路建设等人为活动是导致五台山核心区植被破坏的重要原因.