黄土丘陵矿区生态脆弱性评价——以晋城市长河流域为例

摘要

以晋城市长河流域108 km2为研究区,结合黄土丘陵矿区生态系统的特点和生态脆弱性理论,建立黄土丘陵区生态脆弱性评价体系,利用AHP法测算16项因子的权重并使用集对分析法对该区域5a生态脆弱度归纳评估并验证结果可靠性.结果表明,植被指数、年均降雨量等7项指标权重影响较大,研究区2007-2015年整体呈现脆弱状态,脆弱性等级最高为强脆弱,出现在2007,2009年,最低级别为稍脆弱,出现在2015年,研究区生态脆弱度呈现逐年下降趋势,说明生态环境呈现逐年好转.研究区生态脆弱性虽然好转,但形势依然不容乐观,应继续树立可持续发展理念,保持区域协调可持续发展.%The study took the 108 square kilometers in Changhe River basin of Jincheng city as the study area,and combined with the characteristics of ecological system in loess hilly area and vulnerability theory to establish the ecological vulnerability evaluation system in loess hilly region,using the AHP method to calculate the weights of 16 factors and using the set pair analysis to evaluate the region five years ecological vulnerability and verificate the reliability of induction.The results showed that the weight of seven indexes,such as vegetation index and annual average rainfall,had the greatest influence.From 2007 to 2015,the whole research area was fragile,and the highest vulnerability level was strong,which appeared in 2007 and 2009,and the lowest level was slightly fragile,appeared in 2015,the ecological fragility of the study area was declining year by year.The state environment was getting better year by year.Although the ecological vulnerability of the research area was improved,the form was still not optimistic.We should continue to establish the concept of sustainable development to maintain regional coordinated sustainable development.