A comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity in Chongqing was carried out by principal component analysis .this paper established an evaluation index system with thirteen indicators ,including total water use , water resources , population growth rate , the utilization rate of water resources , per capita water consumption ,the total water supply , population , urbanization rate , the average coefficient of product water , GDP water ,irrigation water ,GDP of average per capita ,with the help of SPSS 17 .0 software ,the comprehensive evaluation of Chongqing city was estimated .the population , social economic status , quantity of water resources development and utilization of water resources is the main factors affecting the degree of water resources carrying capacity in Chongqing City .from the 2000 to 2011 years ’ comprehensive evaluation of Chongqing , water resources carrying capacity is facing with severe challenges .%应用主成分分析法初步探讨重庆市水资源承载力的影响因子．将主成分分析法引入重庆市水资源承载力研究中，选取总用水量、水资源总量、人口增长率、水资源利用率、年人均用水量、总供水量、人口总数、城镇化率、平均产水系数、万元GDP用水、农田灌溉亩均用水、人均GDP、总耗水量等13个指标建立评价指标体系，并借助SPSS17．0分析软件，进行指标的标准化和综合化处理．研究表明：通过对重庆市2000～2011年水资源承载力状况进行综合评价来看，人口对水资源造成的压力，水资源的自身状况和社会经济情况是影响重庆市水资源承载力的主要因素．重庆市水资源承载力面临着严峻的挑战．
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