大锻件质量控制小样本统计学的研究和应用

摘要

For China's long-standing problem of unstable quality of heavy forgings,in the field through the application of statistical techniques to control the quality has become the urgent problem to be solved.But it is a great challenge.Based on the characteristics of the process,quality and production of heavy forgings,the basic conception and the data formulating processing method of the Small Sample Size Statistics for Heavy Forging Quality Control are studied.Also the significance test method of the Small Sample Size Statistics is studied.χ2 test example is given to prove the significant effects with difference forging process methods on heavy forgings ultrasonic test results which are conformity or not.t-test example is given to prove the significant effects with difference melting process methods on heavy forgings mechanical properties which are conformity or not. Conclusion:The small sample size statistics for Heavy Forgings is the most important foundation to realize process and stabilizing control of the heavy forging.This is technique and method to be developed sustainably.%根据大锻件的工艺、质量和生产特征，研究了大锻件质量控制小样本统计学的一些概念、小样本统计资料的参数化处理方法和小样本统计学显著性检验方法。给出χ2检验实例分析，证明不同锻压工艺方法对大锻件探伤合格与否的显著影响。给出了 t 检验实例分析，证明不同炼钢工艺方法对大锻件机械性能合格与否的显著影响。得出结论：小样本统计学是实现大锻件工艺和质量稳定控制的重要基础，需要持续发展的技术方法。