学校体育身体发展的历史与转向

摘要

Physical development is thebasis and index for evaluating and investigating school sports, but it is being replaced with some performance indicatorsin school sports construction.The construc-tion of technical body,physical body and healthy bodytook body as a "field"tocarry out school sports substantive construction,and the body dismembered in the index was engaged in the field of planning and construction of directional goals,which inevitably to some extent has put the develop-ment of school sports into unique paradigm path.School sports physical development will be carried forward under fixed standard and adhere to a particular paradigm.This study finds that physical de-velopment suffered a "preset orbit"in the context of school physical education.School physical edu-cation has failed to promote the diversified development of physical body but in the name of educa-tion to confine the range of physical development.Therefore,in order to achieve the active role of school physical education to the body,we should make an objective planning on physical develop-ment in school physical education.%身体发展是学校体育的评判依据和考察指标，但是，身体发展在学校体育建设过程中，却是被某些性能指标替代着。技术性身体、体质性身体、健康性身体等等构建，是将身体作为学校体育实质性建设的“领域化”设计，身体被肢解在指标里进行着方向性的规划与领域化目标的建设，这不免在一定程度上将身体发展的学校体育目标塞进独特的范式路径里，实施指向性明确的操作规范。学校体育将身体发展的规划进行着有棱有角的“器物”规范，身体发展的结果是对于特定范式的恪守。研究认为身体在学校体育教育范畴内遭遇到了“轨道预设”的阉割，作为身体教育手段的学校体育不是在促成身体发展的多元化、生态化，而是在以教育的名义缩减、规训身体发展的范围。因此，为了实现学校体育对于身体发展的积极作用，应进行学校体育身体发展的客观规划。