Soft robots are a kind of intelligent systems,which can achieve predetermined functions independently through its own deformation or under environmental stimuli.Unlike traditional robots based on rigid materials,soft robots exhibit distinct advantages such as non-invasive,highly integrated and holistic functionalized properties.Actuators based on soft materials have been widely investigated and introduced into robotic systems.However,at present,most soft robots can only realize simple and basic deformation,such as bending,rotating,vibration,and reconfiguration performances.In this regard,robots that possess multi-functionality and permit flexible manipulation are highly desired,especially for their potential applications in artificial intelligence.To bridge this gap,novel materials and effective fabrication technologies are thus becoming increasingly important.
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