大变形隧道长短锚杆支护机理及设计应用

摘要

以常用锚杆支护理论为依托,根据锚杆的受力特点,分析了大变形隧道长短锚杆各自的支护机理,提出了其参数的设计方法,并通过算例计算和数值模拟验证的方式对其合理性进行了验证.结果表明,大变形隧道长短锚杆组合支护中,短锚杆加固浅部围岩形成承载拱结构,长锚杆将浅部承载拱结构稳定到深部围岩,两者联合支护有效地控制了隧道的大变形,支护方式有救,参数设计方法合理,保证了隧道的支护效果,对隧道支护设计具有重要的工程参考意义.%Basing on the common anchor supporting theory, the respective supporting mechanism according to the characteristics of the long and short anchor in large deformation tunnel were analyzed. Then the designing method of long and short anchor was put forward by its mechanical characteristics, and this designing method was proved by calculating the practical example and numerical modeling. The results showed that using the long and short anchor supporting method , short anchor reinforced shallow surrounding rock into load-hearing arch, long anchor put it stability to the deep rock,long anchor combined with short anchor can control the tunnel deformation effectively. The supporting way is effective. The parameter design method is rational. It ensures the tunnel supporting effect and has certain project reference value for the tunnel supporting design.