高危岗位矿工个体风险感知影响因素仿真研究

摘要

为探索高危岗位矿工风险感知的影响因素，在文献研究和复杂适应系统理论分析基础上，从个体角度构建矿工风险感知影响因素的系统动力学模型。运用Vensim 软件模拟仿真各工作时间段中，矿工风险感知水平及各因素对其影响的动态演化过程。研究表明：工作初期，情绪稳定性水平对风险感知水平促进效果显著，工作倦怠的抑制作用较突出；在工作后期，自我效能感对风险感知水平的削弱影响显著，风险规避态度则发挥较大的促进作用；风险知识经验超出一定范围会对风险感知水平起到反作用；安全教育培训与安全监管对风险感知水平的促进作用相对稳定持久。因此，煤矿企业应根据各因素在工作时间段的不同作用，采取相应措施以提高矿工风险感知水平。%In order to further explore the affecting factors of the high-risk position miner’ s individual risk percep-tion, based on document research and Complex Adaptive Systems Theory, a SD model was built for risk perception of the miners from the perspective of individual.The software Vensim was used to simulate the dynamic evolution of the impact of various factors on the risk perception during working time.The results show that: in working initial stage, level of emotional stability is an effective way to improve the individual risk perception, and job burnout has a negative effect on it;In final stage of the work, the sense of self efficacy has a remarkable impact on risk percep-tion, and risk aversion attitude plays an active role on it.What ’ s more, risk knowledge will produce a reaction when it out of range;Safety education training and security control have a relatively stable positive influence on the risk perception.Therefore, the coal enterprises should consider the different actions of various factors in working time to take corresponding measures to improve the risk perception of the miners.