Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of regular intercourse without contraception. The prevalence of infertility is estimated between 12% and 14% and remains stable in recent years. Thyroid dysfunction is common in women during the reproductive years of their lives, which is known to reduce the likelihood of pregnancy and adversely affect pregnancy outcome. Thyroid disorders can directly interfere with the normal ovarian function and indirectly impact on sex hormone binding globulin secretion. However, data on the relationship between thyroid disorders and infertility remain scarce, and the association with a particular cause of infertility has not been analyzed thoroughly. As the women with thyroid dysfunction have a significantly increased risk of infertility and clinical miscarriage, it is advisable to screen the thyroid function in infertile women in order to determine the presence of women with thyroid diseases. Furthermore, these patients should be treated at early gestation stages to avoid pregnancy complications.%不孕症指有一年规律的性生活且未采取避孕措施而未受孕.近年来,不孕症的发生率保持在12％～14％.甲状腺功能异常在育龄妇女中常见,由此降低妊娠的几率及对妊娠结局产生不良影响,引起这种情况的原因可能是甲状腺疾病直接干扰了正常的卵巢功能,间接影响了性激素结合球蛋白的分泌.然而,有关甲状腺疾病与不孕之间的关系的研究仍然很少,与不孕的特定原因的关联性还没有完全被分析.鉴于甲状腺功能异常的妇女有明显增加不孕和临床流产的风险,因此建议在不孕妇女中应进行甲状腺功能的筛查,以确定甲状腺疾病的存在,在妊娠早期阶段给予适当处理以避免妊娠并发症的发生.
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