普京新保守主义解析

摘要

进入21世纪以来,“普京新保守主义”日益成为与俄罗斯命运攸关的关键词。在俄罗斯新保守主义复兴与发展的潮流中,在衰败的俄罗斯成长为崛起的俄罗斯的道路上,逐渐形成了独具特色的普京新保守主义。普京新保守主义实质上是俄罗斯重新崛起的强国理念,其主要特征可以概括为：政治上的中央集权的国家主义；经济上的混合所有制经济和灵活的、目的明确的保护主义；社会文化上实行反西方主义和恢复传统主义。普京新保守主义的战略目标是俄罗斯的重新崛起,建立一个以俄罗斯为核心的欧亚联盟,谋求与西方世界平等对话,成为未来多极世界格局中的重要一极。但是,2014年以来不断升级的乌克兰危机和美欧对俄罗斯的联合制裁表明,俄罗斯陷入冷战后最激烈的地缘政治冲突,以国家利益为中心的普京新保守主义面临严峻的外部挑战。%In 2 1 st century,the Putin neoconservatism has gradually risen to the surface.Along with the economic achievements of Russia,president Putin has been shaping Russian conservatism with unique Putin�s style.This article is to illustrate the characteristics of Putin neoconservatism and challenges faced by Russia which is confronting the US�s global strategy.The main features of Putin neoconserva-tism can be summarized as follows:in politics,the centralized government enforces the integrity of na-tion and promotes statist nationalism;in economics,Russia practice a mixed economy of the ownership and conduct effective protectionism with clear obj ectives;in social and cultural aspects,the implemen-tation of anti-Westernism and restoration of the traditional doctrine has become the corner-stones of Russia�s mainstream ideology.The strategic goal of Putin neoconservatism is the re-rise of Russia as the core of the Eurasian Union,which will become an important pole in the future.However,the esca-lating crisis in Ukraine and the j oint sanctions by the United States and European Union against Russia has drawn Russia into the most serious geopolitical conflicts after the Cold War.Putin neoconservatism is facing severe challenges.