Objective To explore the curative effect of pedicle screw( PS) via posterior small incision for single thoracicolumbar spinal fracture. Methods Twenty-five cases of thoracolumbar spinal fractures treated with PS. All the patients were treated with posterior small incision and internal fixation with PS system. X-ray examination were conducted preoperatively, postoperatively, and during the follow-up period. Results All the patients were followed-up for 6 to 36 months. The PS were implanted accurately with a good stability. There was no incision infection,no neurotrosis,less intraoperative hemorrhage, and there was no internal fixation lossening nor broken. The nerve function recovered perfectly. Conclusion Pedicle screw( PS) via posterior small incision for single thoracolumbar spinal fracture is of shorter operative time and less damage of tissue and it can maintain a good stability, therefore PS system is a good posterior fixation system.%目的 探讨后路小切口椎弓根螺钉治疗胸腰段单一椎体骨折的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析25例脊柱胸腰段单一椎体骨折患者采用经后路小切口椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗的临床资料.所有患者术前、术后、随访均行X线检查,测量伤椎椎体前缘高度值、Cobb角,其中爆裂性骨折16例患者采用术前和术后CT检查测量椎管骨折块占位比.观察术后并发症和脊髓神经功能恢复情况.结果 随访6 ～ 36个月,平均19个月.椎弓根螺钉植入准确,螺钉位置及稳定性良好,术中失血少、无切口感染,无神经损伤,11例术前有神经损伤症状者均完全恢复.无内固定松动、断钉现象；伤椎前缘高度无明显丢失.结论 经后路小切口椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗脊柱胸腰段单一椎体骨折,手术时间短、组织损伤小,能有效复位及维持伤椎高度、矫正后凸畸形、重建脊柱稳定性.
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