目的：比较局部麻醉下输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术与硬膜外麻醉下输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术的有效性及安全性。方法2013年12月至2014年2月收治的下段输尿管结石患者160例。采用抽签法随机分为局部麻醉组和硬膜外麻醉组，其中应用局部麻醉下输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术者80例(局部麻醉组)，硬膜外麻醉下输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术80例(硬膜外麻醉组)。结果局部麻醉组与硬膜外麻醉组术后住院时间、总住院费用差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组手术时间、手术成功率、结石清除率及总并发症率比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在具有严格适应证的患者中，行局麻下输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管下段结石是一种安全、有效和经济的碎石技术。%Objectives To compare the effectiveness and safety of local anesthesia and epidural anesthesia with ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy at distal ureteral stone. Methods A total of 160 patients with distal ureteral stone treated with ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy from December 2013 to February 2014 were included. They were divided equally into 2 groups by method of random sampling. Patients in group A (n=80) treated with local anesthesia were compared to those in group B(n=80),who were dealt with epidural anesthesia. Results The statistical difference was significant in terms of hospital stay after operation and overall cost of therapy(P<0. 05) respectively,on the other hand,it was not significant in respect of the operation time,the operation successful rate,the stone clearance rate and the complications incidence rate (P>0. 05)respectively. Conclusion For the identified patients,the local anesthesia in ureteral ureteroscopic pneumatic lith-otripsy is a safe,effective and economical method for distal ureteral stone.
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