经皮肝胆管引流术在肝门部恶性肿瘤胆道梗阻中的应用

摘要

Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage (PTCD) in the treatment of bile duct obstruction in patients with malignant hilar bile duct carcinoma,and to discuss the clinical application and practical value of PTCD.Methods A total of 55 patients with malignant biliary obstruction were divided into the PTCD group (30 cases who recieved percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage) and the control group (25 cases who recieved endoscopic stent implantation).Observed the preoperative and postoperative biochemical indexes of PTCD group,including serum total bilirubin (TB),serum direct bilirubin (DB),serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum glutamic acid amino turn shift of aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP).Compared the effect rate and postoperative survival time of the two groups through postoperative follow-up.Results The TB,DB,ALT,AST and APK of PTCD group one week after operation changed obviously compared with the relative index before opreation with statistically significant differences (P<0.05), which indicated a significant improvement of biochemical indicators.The treatment efficiency of the PTCD group and the control group were 83.3% and 64.0% respectively, and survival time of the two groups were(7.5±2.6)months and(4.8±2.8)months respectively.Results of the PTCD group was significantly better than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion All the patients with PTCD get better biochemical indicators and longer postoperative survival time,and the interventional therapy PTCD can be used as an effective clinical treatment method for bile duct obstruction with malignant hilar bile duct carcinoma.%目的 分析经皮肝胆管引流术(PTCD)在肝门部恶性肿瘤胆道梗阻中的治疗效果,探讨PTCD介入治疗的价值.方法 将55例肝门部恶性肿瘤胆道梗阻患者按照手术适应评估结果分为PTCD组(30例经皮肝胆管引流术)和对照组(25例经内镜内支架植入术),观察PTCD组患者术前及术后生化指标,包括血清总胆红素(TB)、血清直接胆红素(DB)、血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、血清谷氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP),并且对2组患者进行术后随访,比较2组患者治疗有效率和术后生存时间.结果 PTCD组患者手术后1周与术前TB、DB、ALT、AST和APK比较变化明显,PTCD治疗后患者生化指标明显改善,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);PTCD组和内镜内支架植入组治疗有效率分别为83.3%和64.0%,生存时间分别为(7.5±2.6)个月和(4.8±2.8)个月,PTCD组明显优于内镜内支架植入,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 患者PTCD治疗后,生化指标得到明显改善,术后生存时间显著延长,PTCD治疗可以作为临床上治疗肝门部恶性肿瘤胆道梗阻的有效手术方法.