高速列车头车主型线变化对列车周围流场影响研究

摘要

采用三维雷诺时均SST k-ω双方程湍流模型和有限体积法对一种已经运营的高速列车周围流场进行数值模拟,分析列车头部主型线的变化对列车周围流场的影响,将计算结果在风动试验中进行验证.研究结果表明:列车周围压力场的差异主要存在于主型线变化区域,车身受到的影响有限;列车尾部流场受到主型线的影响较大,造成了尾车气动载荷数据差异较大;该型号列车头部纵剖面和水平剖面型线造成的头部的局部变化并未能大幅提高列车的抗风性能.研究方法及结果可为高速列车外形设计提供有效参考.%The aerodynamic research on an operational high-speed train was simulated by the three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged SSTk-ω two-equation turbulence model and finite volume method for investigating the flow field's variations around high-speed trains affected by varied major molded lines of head car. Computational results were validated by wind tunnel test. Research results show that local variations of vertical and horizontal sections couldn't improve wind resistance performance of these trains effectively, and that the differences between pressure fields around trains exist in areas around varied major molded lines primarily. Influences on flow field around carbody are limited, and flow field in the rear is effected by varied major molded lines of head car obviously, which causes aerodynamic loads of tail car vary distinctly. The methods and results of this study can provide an effective guideline for the aerodynamic design of high-speed trains.