网络型物流企业需求分布的空间自相关分析——以中国铁路总公司省域铁路货运量为例

摘要

为探测网络型物流企业需求分布的空间特征,用空间自相关的分析方法从全局与局域2个层面对中国铁路总公司在1999~2014年的省域铁路货运量分布的空间集聚性与异质性进行分析.研究结果表明:在整体上,我国铁路货运发送量呈现明显的空间自相关性,但这种集聚性随着时间的推移呈减弱的趋势.在局域上,铁路货运发送量在内蒙古、河北和黑龙江呈现出热点特征,即发送量高值在这些省份周围集聚;西藏、广东、广西和福建等省于不同时期呈现出一定铁路货运发送量的冷点特征,随着时间的推移,低值的集聚性呈减弱的趋势,说明以上省份周围区域的货运量发展逐渐均衡.%In order to explore the spatial patterns of networked logistics enterprises' demand distribution, spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to investigate spatial clustering and heterogeneity of the provincial freight volume distribution in China Railway Corporation from 1999 to 2014. The results indicate that freight volume presents significant positive autocorrelation but the trend of clustering has weakened over time. From the local perspective, the Inner Mongolia, Hebei and Heilongjiang provinces present the features of hot-spot, which suggests high values of freight volume clustered around above provinces. Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian provinces present the features of cold-spot respectively during different periods. The clustering of the low values exhibits a downward trend over time, which demonstrates that freight volume in the surrounding areas of the above provinces gradually balanced.