阿尔兹海默病患者生活质量与照料者家庭疾病负担、社会支持水平的关系及影响因素

摘要

Objective: To explore the relationship between the quality of life of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the burden of family care, social support level and its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 114 AD patients and caregivers in outpatient or inpatient department of a tertiary A specialist hospital were selected. The quality of life of AD patients was evaluated by QOL-AD, the burden of family diseases (FBS) and social support scale (SSRS) , and the quality of life and social support of AD patients were analyzed by Pearson correlation. The relationship between family disease burden and social support level of caregivers was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results: The total scores of QOL-AD, FBS and SSRS were (31.15 ± 3.10) , (16.66 ± 8.92) and (25.55 ± 6.14) respectively in AD patients. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total QOL-AD score of AD patients was negatively correlated with the total FBS score of caregivers (r =-0.412, P < 0.05) , and positively correlated with the total SSRS score of caregivers (r = 0.391, P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age, caregiver status, living conditions and whether accompanied by psycho-behavioral symptoms were the main factors affecting the quality of life of patients. Conclusion: The quality of life of AD patients is negatively correlated with their family disease burden and positively correlated with their social support level. Age, caregiver status, living conditions and whether accompanied by psycho-behavioral symptoms are the main factors affecting the quality of life of AD patients, which should be paid attention to it.%目的:探讨阿尔兹海默病 (AD) 患者生活质量与照料者家庭疾病负担、社会支持水平的关系及其影响因素.方法:选取某三甲专科医院门诊或住院的114例AD患者及照料者, 采用阿尔茨海默病生命质量测评量表 (QOL-AD) 评价AD患者生活质量, 采用家庭疾病负担量表 (FBS) 、社会支持评定量表 (SSRS) 评价照料者家庭疾病负担及社会支持水平, 采用Pearson相关性分析AD患者生活质量与照料者家庭疾病负担、社会支持水平的关系, 多因素Logistic回归分析AD患者生活质量的影响因素.结果:AD患者QOL-AD总分 (31.15±3.10) 分, 照料者FBS总分 (16.66±8.92) 分, SSRS总分 (25.55±6.14) 分; Pearson相关性分析结果显示, AD患者QOL-AD总分与照料者FBS总分呈负相关 (r=-0.412, P <0.05) , 与照料者SSRS总分呈正相关 (r=0.391, P <0.05) ;多因素Logistic回归显示, 年龄、照料者身份、居住情况及是否伴有精神行为症状是AD患者生活质量的主要影响因素.结论:AD患者生活质量与照料者家庭疾病负担呈负相关, 与照料者社会支持水平呈正相关;其中年龄、照料者身份、居住情况及是否伴有精神行为症状是AD患者生活质量的主要影响因素, 应引起重视.