惠州市惠城区二级以上公立医院助产士心理健康状况调查及干预

摘要

目的:调查惠州市惠城区二级以上公立医院助产士的心理健康状况,了解助产士职业群体的心理压力源.方法:采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对惠州市惠城区4所二级以上公立医院336名助产士展开心理健康状况调查,与国内女性常模比较,对其心理压力源进行分析,并针对助产士心理压力源实施心理减压干预,比较干预前后助产士SAS评分、SDS评分、SCL-90评分、压力反应指数、工作幸福感指数以及护理工作满意度评分.结果:与国内女性常模比较,助产士SAS评分、SDS评分、SCL-90各项因子评分较高(P<0.05),其心理压力源主要为助产人力资源配置不合理、人力资源紧张、急危重症孕产妇增多.经心理减压干预后,助产士SAS评分、SDS评分、SCL-90评分、压力反应指数均明显降低(P<0.05),其工作幸福感指数、护理工作满意度评分均明显提高(P<0.05).结论:惠州市惠城区二级以上公立医院助产士的心理健康状况普遍较低,针对其心理压力源实施合理心理减压干预,可有效改善助产士心理健康状况,缓解心理压力,提升工作幸福感.%Objective:To investigate the mental health status of midwives in second-class and above second-class public hospitals in Huicheng District of Huizhou and to understand the psychological stress sources of the midwife occupational groups.Methods:The mental health status of 336 midwives in four second-class and above second-class public hospitals in Huicheng District of Huizhou was investigated with the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) and Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90).Compared with the national norm of women,the midwives' psychological pressure was analyzed,and the psychological intervention was carried out for the midwives psychological stress source.The SAS score,SDS score,SCL-90 score,stress response index,work happiness index and nursing satisfaction score were compared before and after the intervention.Results:Compared with the national norm of women,midwives' SAS score,SDS score,the scores of all SCL-90 factors were higher(P<0.05),and the main sources of psychological stress are the irrational allocation of human resources,the tension of human resources and the increasing number of severe ill pregnant women.After the psychological intervention,midwives' SAS score and SDS score,SCL-90 score,reaction pressure index were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the work happiness index,nursing satisfaction score increased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion:The mental health status of midwives in second-class and above second-class public hospitals in Huicheng District of Huizhou is generally low,the implementation of reasonable psychological intervention for the psychological pressure source,can effectively improve their mental health,to ease the psychological pressure,and improve work happiness.