精神分裂症患者额叶抑制功能及其影响因素

摘要

Objective To explore the inhibition function of frontal lobe in young patients with schizophrenia and the possible influencing factors. Methods In the present cross-sectional study, 278 young patients with schizophrenia (study group) and 102 healthy volunteers (control group) were assessed with self-made scale, positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and the severity subscale of clinical global impression-severity of illness ( CGI-SI) to obtain the general data and psychopathological features. The inhibition functions were examined by using color word test (CWT) and continuous performance test (CPT). Results The results of CWT and CPT in study group were significantly worse than those in control group (P <0. 05). The protection factors of inhibition functions of frontal lobe consisted of better education, more brainwork and better family economy. The risk factors of inhibition functions were widowhood and suffering form schizophrenia. Intragroup correlation analysis found that the inhibition function of frontal lobe was relatively fine in aged schizophrenic patients, while was relatively seriously damaged in schizophrenica patients with long course of diease, high score of SANS and delayed medication. Conclusion Impairment of inhibition function is dramatic in young patients with schizophrenia. It has many influencing factors and the psychopathological features may play a important role.%目的 探讨青壮年偏执型精神分裂症患者的额叶抑制功能状况及可能的影响因素.方法 采用横断面的研究方法,研究组随机选取278例精神分裂症患者,对照组选取102例普通志愿者,采用自制调查表、阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、临床总体印象量表(CGI-SI)第1项评估收集两组的一般资料和精神病理学特征.应用色词测试(CWT)、持续操作测试(CPT)评估抑制功能.结果 研究组的CWT、CPT测试结果明显较对照组差,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).影响因素中受教育年限、脑力劳动为主的生计方式、家庭经济条件好的对抑制功能有保护作用；而丧偶、患精神分裂症则是危险因素.研究组内的相关因素分析发现:发病年龄偏大的患者抑制功能相对良好；而病程越长、阴性症状量表得分越高、首次治疗年龄越大的其抑制功能相对受损严重.结论 青壮年偏执型精神分裂症患者相对普通同龄人群存在明显的抑制功能缺陷,影响其功能的可能因素很多,精神病理学方面的特征尤显突出.