大学生抑郁障碍的危险因素分析

摘要

Objective To explore the risk factors for depression in college students.Methods A total of 1 527 college students from 2 universities in Xuzhou were selected by cluster sampling and assessed by the Beck Depression Inverotory ( BDI) , Personal Report of Childhood Abuse(PRCA), Revised NEO Five-Factor Inventory(NEO-FFI-R), Social Support Rating Scale ( SSRS) , Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List ( ASLEC ) , World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Scale ( WHOQOL-BREF) and demographic,sociological and economic data questionnaire.The students with the positive results of BDI were diagnosed with DSM-Ⅳand SCID-I/P.Results The results of Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for college students to sutfer from depression included neuroticism and childhood abuse (OR=1.141,95%CI:1.089~1.196;OR=1.065,95%CI:1.004~1.130), and the protective factors included extraversion and good quality of life (OR=0.957,95%CI:0.917~0.999;OR=0.948,95%CI:0.899~0.999).Conclusion The depression in college students is related to childhood abuse, personality characteristics and quality of life.%目的：了解在校大学生抑郁障碍的危险因素。方法采用整群抽样方法，选取徐州市某2所高校大学生1527人，使用贝克抑郁自评问卷（BDI）、儿童期虐待史自评量表（PRCA）、简式大五人格问卷（NEO-FFI-R）、社会支持评定量表（ SSRS）、青少年生活事件量表（ ASLEC）、世界卫生组织生存质量简表（ WHOQOL-BREF）、人口社会经济学资料调查问卷等进行测试，采用美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册第四版（ DSM-Ⅳ）和DSM－Ⅳ轴Ⅰ障碍用临床定式检查（ SCID-Ⅰ／P）进行抑郁障碍的诊断。结果 Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示，神经质和儿童期虐待是抑郁障碍的危险因素（ OR＝1．141，95％CI：1．089～1．196；OR＝1．065，95％CI：1．004～1．130），外向性和生命质量好是抑郁障碍的保护性因素（OR＝0．957，95％CI：0．917～0．999；OR＝0．948，95％CI：0．899～0．999）。结论大学生抑郁障碍的形成与儿童期经历、个性特征、生活质量等因素有关。