农牧区人群高血压防治模式干预效果研究

摘要

目的：对农牧区高血压患者实施A、B两种降压模式干预，比较其干预效果，以期探索出一套农牧区高血压防治的有效模式。方法：入选新疆农牧区高血压患者1445例，采用患者自愿选择的方式分别进入A、B两种降压模式治疗。随访和记录两种模式干预患者在降压治疗过程中血压、心率、血脂、血糖等指标的变化和心脑血管事件及不良事件的发生情况，比较A、B两种降压模式实施效果。结果：（1）87．07％的患者选择了A降压模式治疗（A组），仅12．93％的患者选择了B降压治疗模式（B组）。（2）A、B组患者的血压控制率分别为70．71％、68．75％，组间差异无统计学意义。（3）降压治疗第12个月，A、B组患者的收缩压平均降低幅度分别为（19．09±20．33）、（14．14±17．85）mmHg，组间差异具有统计学意义；舒张压平均降低幅度分别为（11．17±13．23）、（8．17±11．17）mmHg，组间差异无统计学意义。结论：A降压模式能够有效地控制新疆农牧区高血压患者血压水平。%Objective To explore an effective mode for the prevention and control of hypertension in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang by comparing the effect of mode A with that of B in blood pressure-lowering treatment. Methods 1445 patients with hypertension in agricultural and pastoral areas were included in this study. They voluntarily received mode A or B blood pressure-lowering treatment. The changes in heart rate , blood pressure, lipid, and glucose, and the incidences of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and adverse events were noted;and the effect of modes A and B was compared. Results 87.07%of the patients chose mode A group, while 12.93%chose mode B. The rate of pressure control was 70.71%in mode A group and 68.75%in mode B group , with no significant statistical difference (P>0.05). In 12th month of treatment, the decreased level of systolic pressure was (19.09 ± 20.33)mmHg in the group with mode A and (14.14 ± 17.85) mmHg in the group with mode B, showing a significant statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.047); and the declined level of diastolic pressure was (11.17 ± 13.23)mmHg and (8.17 ± 11.17) mmHg, respectively, with no significant statistical difference. Conclusion Mode A blood pressure-lowering treatment can effectively control blood pressure in hypertensive patients living in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang.