PM2.5暴露对小鼠体外受精及胚胎发育的影响

摘要

目的 研究PM2.5暴露对小鼠体外受精(IVF)及胚胎质量的影响.方法 选择健康昆明雌鼠40只、雄鼠10只.40只雌小鼠随机分成4组:PM2.5低剂量组(1.5 mg/kg)、PM2.5中剂量组(7.5 mg/kg)、PM2.5高剂量组(15 mg/kg)和对照组(给予相同体积的生理盐水),每组10只.以气管滴注的方式进行PM2.5染毒.比较各组间IVF基本情况(卵母细胞数、受精率、异常受精率、2PN卵裂率、2PN优质胚胎率、囊胚形成率)和卵泡液中相关细胞因子TNF-α和IFN-γ的表达.结果 PM2.5高剂量组的卵母细胞数、受精率、2PN卵裂率、2PN优质胚胎率、囊胚形成率与对照组相比降低,而异常受精率明显增高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);PM2.5高剂量组卵泡液中相关细胞因子TNF-α和IFN-γ的表达明显高于中剂量组与低剂量组,而中剂量组表达又高于低剂量组,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),高、中、低剂量组表达均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 PM2.5暴露会减少小鼠体外受精的获卵数;降低受精率、2PN卵裂率、2PN优质胚胎率、囊胚形成率.%Objective To investigate the effects of PM2.5 exposure on the quality of IVF eggs and the quality of embryos. Methods 40 healthy female Kunming mice and 10 male mice were used in this study. 40 female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:low dose of PM2.5 group (1.5 mg/kg),middle dose of PM2.5 group (7.5 mg/kg),high dose of PM2.5 group (15 mg/kg) and the control group (to give the same volume of saline),with 10 mice in each group. PM2.5 was administered via tracheal instillation. The number of oocytes ,fertilization rate ,abnormal fertilization rate ,2PN cleavage rate ,2PN blastocyst rate and blastocyst formation rate were determined ,as well as levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ. Results The number of oocytes , fertilization rate and cleavage rate of 2PN were significantly higher in PM2.5 high dose of PM2.5 group than those in PM2.5 group. The rate of high quality embryos and blastocyviast formation were decreased ,but abnormal fertilization rate were decreased (P < 0.05). The expressions of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the high-dose of PM2.5 group were significantly higher than those in the middle-dose of PM2.5 group and in the low-dose of PM2.5 group(P < 0.05),while the expressions of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the middle dose group was significantly higher than those in the low dose group(P<0.05). Conclusions PM2.5 exposure can decrease the number of oocytes , fertilization rate ,2PN cleavage rate ,2PN blastocyst rate and blastocyst formation rate of in vitro fertilization in mice.