直肠癌患者KRAS基因突变和临床因素对术后预后的影响

摘要

Objective To investigate the effect of KRAS gene mutation and clinical factors on postopera-tive prognosis of rectal cancer patients and to explore their value in prognosis. Methods A total of 130 cases of rectal cancer patients from January to December 2010 were collected in the study. The tumor tissues sample was used to detect the KRAS gene mutation and 5-year follow-up was conducted. The correlation between KRAS gene mutation and clinical pathological features was analyzed.The clinic pathological factors that may affect the progno-sis were analyzed by survival analysis. Results Forty-five patients had mutations in No.2 expressed region of KRAS,with a mutation rate of 34.6%.KRAS gene mutation and stronger positive expression of EGFR(P<0.05), and multiple metastasis of tumor(P<0.05)were strongly coupled.The average survival of patients with wild-type KRAS gene was 57.5 months and that of patients with KRAS gene mutation 58.9 months but no significant differ-ence was observed(P>0.05).The TNM by high staging,multiple metastasis,lung metastasis and liver metasta-sis of cancer cells was closely related with poor postoperative prognosis of patients(P<0.05).The average surviv-al of postoperative patients in stage Ⅳ was 49months. Conclusions KRAS gene mutation in patients with rectal cancer after surgery is related with stronger positive expression of EGFR and multiple metastasis of cancer.TNM by high staging and metastatic sites affects the prognosis. The survival of rectal cancer after surgery in patients with stage Ⅳ are prolonged but the relation between KRAS genovariation and patients′ postoperative prognosis can not be determined.%目的 探讨直肠癌术后患者KRAS基因突变和临床因素对术后预后可能的影响及价值.方法 收集2010年1-12月我院接受手术的直肠癌患者130例,采用直接测序法检测患者肿瘤组织KRAS基因突变情况并进行为期5年的随访,分析KRAS基因突变与临床病理因素的关系,对可能影响预后的因素进行分析.结果 KRAS基因2号外显子突变患者45例,突变率为34.6%,KRAS基因突变与表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)更强的阳性表达及与肿瘤的多发转移差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).野生型KRAS基因术后患者平均生存57.5个月,突变型Kras基因术后患者平均生存58.9个月,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).TNM高分期、癌细胞的多发转移、肝转移和肺转移与患者的手术预后不良有关(P<0.05),Ⅳ期患者手术切除后平均生存达49个月.结论 手术后直肠癌患者KRAS基因突变与EGFR更强的阳性表达和肿瘤的多发转移有关,TNM高分期、转移部位影响手术预后,Ⅳ期直肠癌术后有延长生存趋势,尚不能确定KRAS基因突变与直肠癌患者手术预后的关系.