江西省畜牧产业温室气体排放时空差异分析--基于LCA方法

摘要

This study considers six important factors of graziery sector,including feed grain plantation, transportation and processing of feed grain, livestock enteric fermentation, manure management system, energy consumption of livestock and poultry breeding, and slaughter and processing of livestock products with the Life Cycle Analysis﹙LCA)method to estimate and analyze the spatial-temporal changes of greenhouse gases emissions of graziery sector during 1990 to 2013 in Jiangxi. The results show that:﹙1)the total amount of the CO2 emissions was on the rise from 1990 to 2013, especially for factors of feed grain plantation, transportation and processing of feed grain, energy consumption of livestock and poultry breeding, slaughter and processing of livestock products;﹙2)feed grain plantation, livestock enteric fermentation and manure management system are the main sources of greenhouse gases emissions where non-ruminant livestock greenhouse gases emission ratio is higher than ruminant livestock;﹙3)the spatial analysis of the CO2 emissions indicates that emissions from Yichun, Ji'an and Ganzhou outweigh all other regions in Jiangxi.%本文运用生命周期评价方法,综合考虑江西省畜牧产业的整个过程,选取饲料粮种植﹑饲料粮运输和加工﹑畜禽肠道发酵﹑粪便管理系统﹑饲养环节耗能和畜禽产品屠宰加工六大环节,测算分析了1990—2013年江西省畜牧产业生命周期温室气体排放的时空差异。研究结果表明：总量上,1990—2013年,江西省畜牧产业生命周期及各个环节﹑各类别畜禽的CO2当量排放量均呈上升趋势,其中饲料粮种植﹑饲料粮运输加工﹑畜禽饲养耗能和畜禽产品屠宰加工环节CO2当量排放量上升趋势尤为明显；结构上,饲料粮种植﹑畜禽肠道发酵和粪便管理系统是江西省温室气体排放的主要来源,非反刍畜禽温室气体排放比例高于反刍畜禽；地区差异上,宜春市﹑吉安市和赣州市CO2当量排放总量位列江西省前三位,且排放总量远高于其他市区。