2002-2012年我国实习护生锐器伤发生率Meta分析

摘要

目的：对近十年国内护理实习生实习期间锐器伤的发生率进行文献定量综合分析。方法系统检索PubMed、ISI Web of Knowledge、Springer、OVID、中国期刊全文数据库、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库和万方数据库，检出国内护理实习生锐器伤发生率的研究文献，对纳入的文献采用Meta分析法进行定量合并。结果本研究共纳入81篇文献，发表于2002-2012年，涉及护理实习生18910名。护理实习生实习期间锐器伤发生率的合并值为75%（95%CI=71%～79%）。按照论文发表时间进行分层后发现：2009年及以前护生锐器伤发生率为78%（95%CI=72%～82%）；2009年以后护生锐器伤发生率为71%（95%CI=65%～77%）。在发生锐器伤事件里，污染锐器伤比例为54%（95%CI=45%～63%）。锐器伤发生后的上报率为16%（95%CI=10%～23%）。由于不同研究存在统计学意义的异质性，数据合并采用随机效应模型。结论国内护理实习生锐器伤存在着高发生率的现状，而且近年来其发生率未明显减低，另外锐器伤发生后的上报率也非常低。%Objective To establish the incidence of sharp object injuries among nursing students. Methods Studies investigating the prevalence of sharp object injuries in nursing students was searched by PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Springer, OVID, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases. Pooled estimates were summarized by Meta-analysis. Results Based on predefined inclusion criteria, 81 eligible studies with a total of 18 910 individuals were included in this Meta-analysis. The pooled incidence of sharp object injuries for all studies was 75%, 95%CI=71%~79%. Based on the year of publication, the pooled incidence of sharp object injuries before 2009 was 78%, 95%CI=72%~82%. After 2009, the incidence was 71%, 95%CI=65%~77%. Furthermore, the proportion of contaminated injuries was 54%, 95%CI=45%~63%. However, the injury reporting rate was very low with estimate of 16%, 95%CI=10%~23%. Conclusion There are high rates of sharp object injury and low rates of reporting among nursing students.