住院2型糖尿病患者焦虑抑郁状况及影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To understand the status of anxiety and depression of type 2 diabetes inpatients and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods Totally 230 people with type 2 diabetes were recruited from one third-class first-level hospital in Chengdu and were investigated with self-designed general information questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Results The levels of anxiety and depression of type 2 diabetes inpatients were higher than that of domestic norm (P<0.01). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that diabetes complications and whether to accept prior to admission diabetes health education were the main influence factors of anxiety; with or without diabetes complications and glycated hemoglobin level were the main influence factors of depression. Conclusion The levels of anxiety and depression of type 2 diabetes inpatients are higher than the national norm. The influence factors of anxiety include diabetes complications and the diabetes health education prior to admission and those of depression involve diabetes complications and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Health education related to diabetes knowledge, interpretations of various treatment and treatment effects after admission, the control of glycated hemoglobin level and positive psychological intervention will contribute to the relief of anxiety and depression.%目的：了解住院2型糖尿病患者焦虑抑郁状况，分析其影响因素。方法选取成都市某三级甲等医院230例住院2型糖尿病患者，采用自行设计患者一般资料问卷、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表进行调查。结果住院2型糖尿病患者焦虑、抑郁水平高于国内常模（P＜0.01）。多元逐步回归分析显示糖尿病并发症情况、入院前是否接受糖尿病健康教育是其焦虑情绪的主要影响因素；糖尿病并发症情况、糖化血红蛋白是否达标是其抑郁情绪的主要影响因素。结论住院2型糖尿病患者焦虑抑郁水平比国内常模较高，其焦虑情绪受糖尿病并发症和入院前接受糖尿病健康教育影响，其抑郁情绪受糖尿病并发症和糖化血红蛋白水平影响。医护人员加强患者糖尿病相关疾病知识健康教育，讲解入院后采取的各种治疗措施及治疗效果，控制患者糖化血红蛋白水平，进行积极的心理疏导，鼓励患者发泄不良情绪，减轻患者焦虑、抑郁水平。