目的：了解上海市某社区妇女围绝经期症状的发生率及影响因素，为探求围绝经妇女健康问题的社区综合干预提供依据。方法采用立意抽样的方法，抽取上海市某社区350名45～55岁妇女作为调查对象，采用改良Kupperman评分表和自制一般状况量表进行评价。结果本组社区妇女围绝经期症状发生率75.7%。13项症状中，出现频率最高前5位症状依次为潮热出汗、骨关节痛、疲乏、性生活障碍、易激动。经Logistic回归分析，大龄、合理锻炼、雌激素替代疗法是围绝经期症状发生的保护因素；超重或肥胖是危险因素。结论社区妇女围绝经期症状的发生与不同人口学特征、行为方式密切相关。应根据围绝经期女性不同的影响因素，提供有针对性、全方位的社区综合干预，提高围绝经妇女的健康自我管理能力，提高其生存质量。%Objective To find out the occurrence of perimenopausal symptoms in a community of Shanghai and its influence factors and to provide the basis for community intervention of perimenopausal women. Methods With purposive sampling, 350 women aged from 45 to 55 in one community in Shanghai were investigated with modified Kupperman scale and a self-designed general information questionnaire. Results The incidence of perimenopausal symptoms was 75.7%. Among the 13 symptoms, the top five symptoms in the sequence of frequency were hot flushes and sweating, bone and joint pain, fatigue, sexual disorder and irritability. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, reasonable exercise and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were protective factors while overweight or obesity was risk factor. Conclusion Perimenopausal symptoms are closely associated with different demographic characteristics and behavior. We could offer a full range of targeted and integrated community interventions for perimenopausal women to improve the health self-management skills of perimenopausal women and their quality of life.
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