急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者院前延迟影响因素的调查研究

摘要

Objective To study the factors influencing prehospital delay in patients with acute st segment elevation myocardial infarction.Methods 94 patients with acute st segment elevation myocardial infarction admitted to our hospital from May 2017 to December 2017 were investigated by self-designed questionnaire.The investigators were trained cardiologic nurses.The data collected included age, sex, economic source, education level, accompanying staff at onset, patients' awareness of disease, accompanying staff's awareness of disease, history of diabetes mellitus, sex of medical decision-makers, pain score, typical symptoms and other influencing factors.At the same time, patients' pre-hospital delay time was collected.As the outcome variable of this study.Results The influencing factors of pre-hospital delay was age, female, no financial source, lack of awareness of disease, diabetes mellitus, atypical pain symptoms and mild pain.Conclusion Strengthen the awareness and education on acute myocardial infarction in elderly women, patients without financial resources, lack of awareness of disease, patients with diabetes mellitus, atypical symptoms and mild pain, and Strengthen the awareness of first aid and improving the medical level of primary hospitals are the key to shorten the pre-hospital delay time of acute myocardial infarction.%目的 探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者院前延迟的影响因素.方法 采用自行设计的资料调查表对2017年5月-2018年10月就诊于我院的142例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者进行调查.研究者为经过培训的心内科护士,收集内容包括年龄、性别、经济来源、文化程度、发病时有无陪伴人员、患者对疾病是否认知、陪伴人员对疾病是否认知、糖尿病史、就医决策人性别、疼痛程度评分、发病症状是否典型等为影响因素,同时收集患者院前延迟时间作为本研究的结局变量.结果 高龄、女性、无经济来源、对疾病缺乏认知、疼痛症状不典型以及疼痛程度较轻是患者院前延迟的影响因素.结论 加强对高龄女性、无经济来源、对疾病缺乏认知、发病症状不典型以及疼痛程度较轻患者的急性心肌梗死认知宣教,强化急救意识,提高和改善基层医院医疗水平,是缩短急性心肌梗死患者院前延迟时间的关键.